====== Nicho, Competição e Estutura de Comunidades ======

===== Leituras =====

==== Introdutórias ====

  * Schoener, T.W. Ecological niche. Cap. I.1, The Princeton Guide to Ecology.  

==== Para discussão ====

  * Connell J.H. 1961. The influence of interspecific competition and other factors on the distribution of the barnacle //Chthamalus stellatus//. //Ecology// 42(4): 710-723. 

  * Levine, J.M. & HilleRisLambers, J., 2009. The importance of niches for the maintenance of species diversity. Nature, 461(7261): 254-259. <wrap important> A seção [[https://www.nature.com/articles/nature08251#online-methods|Online Methods]] (apenas no site da revista) e o [[https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fnature08251/MediaObjects/41586_2009_BFnature08251_MOESM257_ESM.pdf|material suplementar]] deste artigo ajudam muito a compreender os métodos.</wrap>


===Sobre os(as) autores(as)===

==Joseph Connell==
{{https://www.eemb.ucsb.edu/sites/default/files/styles/medium_square/public/2017-12/joseph-connell.jpg?100  }}
  * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_H._Connell|Wikipedia]]
  * [[http://www.esa.org/history/Awards/bulletin/eminent1985.pdf|Eminent Ecologist Award, ESA]]
  * [[https://academictree.org/mareco/tree.php?pid=26898|Genealogia acadêmica]]
  * [[http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics1981/A1981LP44800001.pdf|Seu relato sobre o artigo de 1961]], da coleção [[http://garfield.library.upenn.edu/classics.html|Citation classics]].
  * Obituários na [[https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-02990-2|Nature]] e [[https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.abe8992|Science]].

==Jonathan Levine==
{{https://levine.princeton.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/702/2020/03/JonathanLevinepic2020-768x1024.jpeg?100  }}
  * [[https://levine.princeton.edu/|Grupo de pesquisa]]

==Janneke Hille Ris Lambers==
{{https://www.biology.washington.edu/sites/default/files/styles/portrait/public/HRL2.jpg?100   }}
  * [[http://faculty.washington.edu/jhrl/Index.html|Grupo de pesquisa]]



===== Material Suplementar =====

  * //A referência básica sobre nichos:// Jonathan M. Chase and Mathew A. Leibold, 2003. Ecological Niches: Linking Classical and Contemporary Approaches. Chicago University Press.
      * [[http://www.press.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/hfs.cgi/00/15593.ctl|site do livro]]

  * //O fantasma da competição passada:// J.H. Connell, Diversity and the coevolution of competitors, or the ghost of competition past. Oikos 35 (1980), pp. 131–138. 


  * Grinnell, Joseph. 1917. The niche-relationships of the California Thrasher. //The Auk 34//:427-433. 

  * Odling-Smee, F.J., Laland, K.N. and Feldman, M.W., 2003. Niche construction: the neglected process in evolution (No. 37). Princeton University Press. . Veja também o site dos autores da idéia ([[http://www.nicheconstruction.com/]], com vários //links// interessantes. 

  * Biogeography, Changing Climate and Niche Evolution Sackler Colloquium. [[http://www.pnas.org/cgi/collection/biogeography_niche|PNAS vol. 106, suplemento]].  Série de artigos sobre evolução de nichos e sua relação com distribuições geográficas.
  
  * Cooper, G., 1993. The competition controversy in community ecology. Biology and Philosophy, 8: 359-384. //Um bom histórico e análise, por um filósofo da ciência//.
  
  * Hoogenboom M.O., Connolly, S.R. 2009. Defining fundamental niche dimensions of corals: synergistic effects of colony size, light, and flow. Ecology 90(3):767-780. //Um exemplo do quão detalhado e complexo pode ser medir o nicho fundamental//.

  * Wilson, W.G., Lundberg, P., Vazquez, D.P., Shurin, J.B., Smith, M.D., Langford, W., Gross, K.L. and Mittelbach, G.G., 2003. Biodiversity and species interactions: extending Lotka–Volterra community theory. Ecology Letters, 6(10): 944-952.
  
  * Tansley, A. G. 1917. On competition between //Galium saxatile// L.(G. hercynicum Weig.) and //Galium sylvestre// Poll.(G. asperum Schreb.) on different types of soil. The Journal of Ecology, 173-179.  //Um artigo clássico com experimentos para testar exclusão competitiva.//

  * Tilman, D., 1982. Resource competition and community structure. Princeton University Press. //A referência clássica para modelos mecanísticos de competição (com recurso explícito)//.
  

  

==== G. Evelyn Hutchinson ====

  * Hutchinson, G.E. 1957. Concluding remarks. //Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology 22//: 415–427.  

  * Hutchinson, G.E. 1959. Homage to Santa Rosalia or Why Are There So Many Kinds of Animals? //The American Naturalist 93//:145-159. 
      * Uma crítica feroz e datada: Lewin, R. 1983. Santa Rosalia was a goat. //Science 221//: 636-639. {{bibliografia:lewin1983.pdf|pdf}}

  * George Evelyn Hutchinson: 20 th-century ecologist. LB SLOBODKIN, NG SLACK Endeavour 23:11, 24-30, Elsevier Science, 1999. (Inclui a árvore de descendentes intelectuais de Hutchinson).


==== Teoria moderna da coexistência ====

  * Chesson, P., 2000. Mechanisms of maintenance of species diversity. Annual review of Ecology and Systematics, pp.343-366. 
  * Chesson, P., 2000. General theory of competitive coexistence in spatially-varying environments. Theoretical population biology, 58(3), pp.211-237.
  * Adler P.B., Hillerislambers, J. &  Levine, J.M. 2007. A niche for neutrality. Ecology Letters, 10:95-104. 
  * HilleRisLambers, J., Adler, P. B., Harpole, W. S., Levine, J. M., & Mayfield, M. M. (2012). Rethinking community assembly through the lens of coexistence theory. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics, 43(1), 227. 
  * [[http://eebweb.arizona.edu/Faculty/chesson/|The Chesson Lab]]

==== Estrutura filogenética de comunidades====
  * Webb, C. O., Ackerly, D. D., McPeek, M. A., & Donoghue, M. J. (2002). Phylogenies and community ecology. Annual review of ecology and systematics, 475-505.
  * Losos, J.B., 2008. Phylogenetic niche conservatism, phylogenetic signal and the relationship between phylogenetic relatedness and ecological similarity among species. Ecology letters, 11(10), pp.995-1003. //Esclarece a diferença entre conservação de nicho e sinal filogenético de nicho.//

==== Modelagem de "nicho"====
  * Peterson, A.T., Soberón, J., Pearson, R.G., Anderson, R.P., Martínez-Meyer, E., Nakamura, M. and Araújo, M.B. 2011. Ecological niches and geographic distributions (MPB-49) (Vol. 56). Princeton University Press.
  * Lozier, J. D., Aniello, P., & Hickerson, M. J. (2009). Predicting the distribution of Sasquatch in western North America: anything goes with ecological niche modelling. Journal of Biogeography, 36(9), 1623-1627.